The Feudal System is a system of government controlled by land and rank. It started to form when the western side of Rome fell. People were marauding, killing, and being savages. People needed a form of government to control everybody. I think this is a good form of government because it gives people food health and they take care of each other. The peasants are the lowest class in the rank. They work for food and protection by the knights the nobles and vassles are a higher rank and they owned land and were rich. The highest rank is the king, he controls pretty much all the land and gives plots of land to the vassles.
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The knights had to follow the Code of Chivalry so they don't do whatever they want because they have the privilege to use weapons. So they just don't loot, kill, maraud, and pillage the people in the Middle Ages.
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Hierarchy in the middle revolves around the Catholic Church. It is a ranking system in the Middle Ages. A modern day Hierarchy can be the president at the top, the Vice President under that, and then the Senators.